Amendment XIX
Women's Suffrage
Ratified August 18, 1920
The Nineteenth Amendment extended the franchise to women after a campaign spanning generations, beginning formally at Seneca Falls (1848) and advancing through state-level victories before achieving the constitutional guarantee. Tennessee's ratification on August 18, 1920 provided the decisive 36th state vote.
Full Text
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.
Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Annotated Version
The Amendments XI–XXVII document includes phrase highlights and court case references for this amendment.
Constitutional Framework
Original Text
U.S. Constitution
Articles I–VII (1787). The three branches, enumerated powers, and the framework these amendments modify.
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Amendments I–X
Bill of Rights
Ratified December 15, 1791. Freedom of religion, speech, press, arms, due process, and more.
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Amendments XI–XXVII
Later Amendments
Ratified 1795–1992. Abolition of slavery, equal protection, women's suffrage, and more.
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