Founding Values

Amendment XVIII

RepealedPartial

Prohibition of Intoxicating Liquors

Ratified January 16, 1919

Prohibition was the culmination of decades of temperance activism. Its failure — marked by widespread bootlegging, organized crime, and contempt for the law — stands as a cautionary lesson about attempting to use constitutional amendment to legislate social behavior.

Progressive EraProhibitionRepealed
Passed by Congress December 18, 1917Ratified January 16, 1919Repealed by Amendment XXI

Full Text

Section 1.

After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.

Section 2.

The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Section 3.

This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.

Annotated Version

The Amendments XI–XXVII document includes phrase highlights and court case references for this amendment.